July 28th, 2011
Mothertongue Situation in Balkan Region
Serbia and Montenegro arose the official name of the nation as of February 4, 2003, because of the process of transformation of the country prior known as The SFRY. Serbia and Montenegro is the largest share of the dissolved SFRY and made up of two republics: Serbia and Montenegro.
Inside Serbia, there are two quasi-independent regions, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo was under the protectorate of the UN from 1999. Linguistic policy and turns of time, official standards and names of various languages took a vital part in the numerous intra-national conflicts that happened from 1990 to 1999 and it is yet a very delicate problem in the whole area of the peninsula. Best translate into Italian
The official tongue of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the area of Serbia without Kosovo, or 88% of the population); the same legal status is given to both the Cyrillic and the Roman spelling, but the former is preferred by Serbian state administration. Less spread languages, which are also in governmental use in the parts where they are spoken, are Hungarian (according to the 2002 census data of the StatsOffice of the Republic of Serbia, estimated at 286 500 natives), Bosnian (134 500 speakers), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 citizens), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 natives), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Local tongues are used at every levels of upbringing: in early schools, high schools, and at technical schools and universities. The first linguistic consequence of the political and ethnic processes of the last decade of XX century is that the language that used to be officially named Serbo-Croat has received a number of new nationally and politically grounded names. Thus, the names Serbo-Croat, Bosnianare politically determined and refer to the same tongue with possible few changes. The language has a couple general dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
Although, as a rule, Ekavian is spread more in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken more in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these variations do not coincide with the nationally motivated titles.
The language map in Kosovo is less clear now, as about 300 000 refugees from this region, predominantly Serbs, are still in the process of returning to their homes. This fact makes the figures of speakers reported unreliable. Today, according to the Statistical Office of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the citizens of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The rest of the people (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: Greek translation service
The official tongue of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are recent tendencies to introduce the name Montenegrin, either equal to or as a replacement to the name Serbian. Just as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term refers to the one language that used to be called Serbo-Croat, and is first of all a matter of political decisions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the StatOffice of the Republic of Montenegro show that around 401 500, or 60% of the inhabitants of Montenegro, recognize themselves as natives of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, nearly 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and about 3000 speak other languages.

